ISO 834 BS 476 Part 20&22 Building Materials and Structures Vertical Fire Resistance Test Furnace
ASTM E119 ISO 834 Large Scale Vertical Fire Resistance Flammability Testing Equipment
Full Scale Vertical Fire Resistance Test Furnace designed to employ liquid or gaseous fuels and capable of heating vertical separating elements on one face. The furnace linings consist of refractory materials with densities of less than 1000 kg/m³, constituting more than 70% of the internally exposed surface.
Custom-built to provide fire exposure conditions with respect to thermal exposure and pressure, complying with CEN, ISO and IMO standards. Minimum internal chamber dimensions: 4000 mm wide × 3000 mm high × 1000 mm deep.
Built in modular units at the factory and shipped in 40ft HC containers. Modular units are assembled on a strong foundation prepared by the customer upon arrival.
Furnace Steel Casing
Constructed from structural steel sections and plates designed for robust usage. Steel plates are reinforced with C-Channels, I-beams, and steel sections to counter structural distortion due to heat, especially around openings for burners, thermocouples, pressure probes, and viewing ports.
Cast iron plates are bolted to the front outer face to provide a strong surface for mounting the test specimen restraint frame. Four sets of self-locking roller clamps securely hold the test specimen restraint frame onto the furnace front.
Furnace Insulation
Refractory lining comprises insulating firebricks rated at 1430°C with a density of 900 kg/m³ on the hot face, backed by fibreboard insulation on the cold face. Outer casing temperature remains below 75°C two hours into the fire test at 1200°C.
High temperature precast blocks made of fibre-reinforced refractory castable rated at 1600°C protect the furnace opening perimeter from constant abrasion by the test specimen frame.
Four viewing ports on the furnace back wall provide complete visibility of the test specimen during fire tests. Each features clear quartz glass plate housed in an air-cooled, insulated enclosure.
Furnace exhaust opening and flue gas off-take are lined with low thermal mass ceramic fibre insulation (density: 128 kg/m³). All refractory materials withstand cyclical heating and cooling.
Painting
Outer furnace casing is painted with silver color high temperature paint.
Pressure Control System
Three motorized heat resisting steel dampers built into the extract flue enable precise control of furnace chamber pressure. Adjustable extract ports allow variation of extraction rates at different positions within the chamber. Motorized dampers are adjustable from the control room via the Fire Test Data Management System.
Combustion System
Twelve premixed LPG/Natural Gas burners supplied: 6 units installed on the left side furnace wall (3m × 1.3m) and 6 on the right side.
Combustion equipment includes:
- 12 Gas Nozzle Mixing Burners
- 12 Air Balance Control Valves
- 12 Gas Balance Control Valves
- 12 Pilot Gas Regulators
- 12 Gas Shut-Off Valves to burners
- 12 Fully automatic Gas Burner Safety Control
- 12 Spark ignition, transformer and cable
- 12 Ultraviolet scanner
- 12 Flexible Air Pipes
- 12 Flexible Gas Pipes
- 12 Manual Air Butterfly Valves
- 3 Main Gas Shut Off Valves
- 6 Gas Pressure Switches with connectors
- 30 Gas Manometers
- 3 Air Gas Micro ratio Valves
- 3 Combustion Air Blower
- 3 Main Gas Filter
- 3 Main Gas Regulator
Burners are suitable for Natural or Liquefied Petroleum gas (confirmed by customer at order). All burners feature standard safety components and comply with local gas safety regulations. Burner blocks are manufactured from castable material comprising 80% alumina, designed to withstand regular thermal shock.
Gas and Air Distribution System
Three air blowing fans supply air to the combustion system and oxygenate the furnace atmosphere to meet fire test standard requirements for minimum oxygen levels. Fans are operated from the combustion control panel in the furnace control room.
All interconnecting air pipework is pre-fabricated for ease of handling and connected on site. Fans are supplied with isolating dampers.
Internal gas piping routing is discussed with the customer prior to fabrication to match laboratory building layout. The system complies with all local safety requirements, with gas and air piping painted in internationally agreed identification colors.
Extraction System and Chimney
Extraction system includes an extract fan and flue ducting to control evacuation of hot combustion gases from the furnace to the chimney during tests. Extraction fan is activated from the control room via automatic or manual operation mode.
Exhaust gas ducting between extract fan and furnace is constructed from prefabricated steel sections assembled on site, insulated to withstand regular heating and cooling cycles, and painted with high temperature paint for corrosion protection.
A draft inducer dilutes exhaust gases to reduce temperature before passing into the extract fan. Chimney with 950mm internal diameter and minimum 3-meter height above roof can be supplied upon request, or drawings provided for customer construction. Chimney is made from mild steel, free-standing, and requires foundation preparation for wind load and soil settlement. Insulated up to 3 meters height for safety.
Platform / Walkway
Complete platform/walkway provides safe access to viewing ports and instrumentation at sides and rear of furnace. Includes handrails, kickplates, and slip-resistant surface for operator safety.
Plate Thermometers
Nine plate thermometers specified in CEN standards are equally spaced over the exposed area of the specimen. Positions satisfy CEN standard requirements. Connected to computerized data acquisition system for monitoring and recording furnace temperature before and during tests.
Furnace Thermocouples
Nine furnace thermocouples meeting IMO specifications are provided. Located through the rear wall in required positions, protected by heat resistant tubing to minimize distortion. Connected to computerized data acquisition system for temperature monitoring and recording.
Instrumentation Connection Boxes
Instrumentation connection box located near the furnace (shielded from heat) enables easy connection of all instrumentation. Contains individually numbered connections linked to corresponding connections in the control room, connected to the computerized data acquisition system.
Ambient Temperature Thermometer
Ambient temperature thermometer monitors and records laboratory temperature before and during tests. Connected to computerized data acquisition system.
Pressure Transducers
Two pressure transducers located in positions satisfying relevant Standards requirements. Moveable between positions if required. Connected to computerized data acquisition system for monitoring and recording at pre-determined intervals.
Oxygen Analyser Tapping Points
Permanent sampling line with connection enables oxygen analyser connection to sample furnace gases. Signal generated is recorded in the fire test data management system and displayed on monitor screen.
Deformation Measuring Device
Portable laser device measures specimen deflection from original position at center. Complies with CEN standard requirements.
Timing Device
Large display timing device visible to testing staff and in test photographs. Linked to Fire Resistance Test Data Management System to ensure synchronized start. Displays elapsed time to nearest second, accurate within 1 second per hour.
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